{"id":2740,"date":"2023-05-09T09:30:47","date_gmt":"2023-05-09T09:30:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/hesse-rhenane"},"modified":"2023-09-27T16:48:13","modified_gmt":"2023-09-27T16:48:13","slug":"hesse-rhenane","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/fr\/hesse-rhenane","title":{"rendered":"Hesse rh\u00e9nane"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ min_height=\u00a0\u00bb151px\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||6px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb||||false|false\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb0px||5px||false|false\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_post_title title=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb categories=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb comments=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb featured_image=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ meta_font=\u00a0\u00bb|700||on|||||\u00a0\u00bb meta_text_color=\u00a0\u00bbgcid-1ba3a96e-9d31-4f54-aae7-420968453e89″ meta_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb12px\u00a0\u00bb meta_letter_spacing=\u00a0\u00bb1px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{%22gcid-1ba3a96e-9d31-4f54-aae7-420968453e89%22:%91%22meta_text_color%22%93}\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb||7px|||\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_post_title meta=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb featured_image=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ title_font=\u00a0\u00bbMontserrat|700|||||||\u00a0\u00bb title_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb50px\u00a0\u00bb title_line_height=\u00a0\u00bb1.2em\u00a0\u00bb custom_margin=\u00a0\u00bb||-16px|||\u00a0\u00bb title_font_size_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb50px\u00a0\u00bb title_font_size_phone=\u00a0\u00bb24px\u00a0\u00bb title_font_size_last_edited=\u00a0\u00bbon|desktop\u00a0\u00bb locked=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][\/et_pb_post_title][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb custom_padding=\u00a0\u00bb10px||8px|||\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″ _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.16″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb4.19.0″ _module_preset=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb header_2_font_size=\u00a0\u00bb19px\u00a0\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00a0\u00bb{}\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

En 1816, apr\u00e8s le red\u00e9coupage de l’Europe lors du Congr\u00e8s de Vienne, notre r\u00e9gion fut rattach\u00e9e au Grand-Duch\u00e9 de Hesse et re\u00e7ut le nom de Province de Hesse rh\u00e9nane. Aujourd’hui, la Hesse rh\u00e9nane n’est plus une unit\u00e9 administrative, mais d\u00e9signe d\u00e9sormais une r\u00e9gion culturelle qui s’est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e et la plus grande r\u00e9gion viticole d’Allemagne.<\/em><\/h4>\n

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Harxheim se trouve dans la r\u00e9gion de la Hesse rh\u00e9nane. Cette ancienne r\u00e9gion culturelle du Land de Rh\u00e9nanie-Palatinat comprend la r\u00e9gion du grand coude du Rhin avec les villes de Mayence, Worms, Alzey et Bingen. Pr\u00e8s de 650.000 personnes y vivent, dont pr\u00e8s de 220.000 \u00e0 Mayence.<\/p>\n

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La Hesse rh\u00e9nane n’est pas seulement une r\u00e9gion qui s’est d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e sur le plan culturel. D’un point de vue g\u00e9ologique, le territoire de la Hesse rh\u00e9nane constitue une partie importante du bassin de Mayence. Le bassin de Mayence <\/a>est un bassin s\u00e9dimentaire fossile qui s’est form\u00e9 il y a plusieurs millions d’ann\u00e9es et qui int\u00e9resse les g\u00e9ologues du monde entier.<\/p>\n

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R\u00e9gion de la Hesse rh\u00e9nane<\/p>\n

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Source : Lencer*, pour les d\u00e9tails, voir la source ci-dessous<\/p>\n

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C’est \u00e0 l’\u00e8re glaciaire, qui a commenc\u00e9 il y a 2,6 millions d’ann\u00e9es, que s’est form\u00e9 le paysage de plateaux et de collines caract\u00e9ristique de la Hesse rh\u00e9nane. L’histoire g\u00e9ologique est d\u00e9terminante pour les sols de la Hesse rh\u00e9nane, qui se sont form\u00e9s en grande partie par des d\u00e9p\u00f4ts de s\u00e9diments et plus tard, \u00e0 l’\u00e8re glaciaire, par des d\u00e9p\u00f4ts de l\u0153ss.<\/p>\n

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La Hesse rh\u00e9nane d\u00e9signe \u00e9galement la plus grande des 13 r\u00e9gions viticoles d’Allemagne. Le vignoble s’\u00e9tend sur environ 27.000 hectares, soit un bon quart de la superficie totale des vignobles allemands. La viticulture b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie ici de bonnes conditions, car la Hesse rh\u00e9nane est prot\u00e9g\u00e9e par des montagnes moyennes bois\u00e9es<\/a>. La temp\u00e9rature moyenne en Hesse rh\u00e9nane est relativement \u00e9lev\u00e9e, avec plus de 10 degr\u00e9s Celsius, tout comme le nombre d’heures d’ensoleillement annuel.<\/p>\n

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Mais pourquoi cette r\u00e9gion s’appelle-t-elle Rheinhessen, alors qu’elle ne se trouve pas du tout dans la Hesse ? Cela s’explique par des raisons historiques. Apr\u00e8s la victoire sur Napol\u00e9on, les puissances europ\u00e9ennes se sont r\u00e9unies de 1814 \u00e0 1815 lors du Congr\u00e8s de Vienne et ont r\u00e9organis\u00e9 l’Europe.<\/p>\n

Notre r\u00e9gion, qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 sous administration fran\u00e7aise de 1798 \u00e0 1814 en tant que partie du d\u00e9partement du Mont Tonn\u00e8re (d\u00e9partement du Donnersberg), a \u00e9t\u00e9 rattach\u00e9e au Grand-Duch\u00e9 de Hesse suite aux n\u00e9gociations de 1816. Ce fut la naissance de la Hesse rh\u00e9nane, puisque c’est ainsi que fut nomm\u00e9e la nouvelle province de Hesse.<\/p>\n

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L’enseigne de la mairie de Harxheim dans l’\u00c9tat populaire de Hesse – \u00e0 voir maintenant au centre communal de Harxheim<\/p>\n

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Image : Siegfried Sch\u00e4fer<\/span><\/p>\n

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Apr\u00e8s la fin de la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale en 1918 et l’abolition de la monarchie, l’\u00c9tat populaire de Hesse a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9 en tant que successeur juridique du Grand-Duch\u00e9 de Hesse. Le panneau de la mairie de cette \u00e9poque est accroch\u00e9 au centre communal de Harxheim. La province de Hesse rh\u00e9nane est d’abord rest\u00e9e une partie du Volkstaat. Dans le cadre de la mise au pas de l’Etat populaire de Hesse par les nationaux-socialistes, la province de Hesse rh\u00e9nane fut cependant dissoute en 1937.<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la Hesse rh\u00e9nane fut s\u00e9par\u00e9e de la Hesse en raison des conditions d’occupation – fran\u00e7aise sur la rive gauche du Rhin, am\u00e9ricaine sur la rive droite – et fit d\u00e9sormais partie du Land de Rh\u00e9nanie-Palatinat, nouvellement cr\u00e9\u00e9 en 1946. Jusqu’en 1968, il existait \u00e9galement une \u00ab\u00a0circonscription administrative de Hesse rh\u00e9nane\u00a0\u00bb. En 1969, celui-ci a \u00e9t\u00e9 absorb\u00e9 par le Regierungsbezirk Rheinhessen-Pfalz, qui a exist\u00e9 jusqu’en 1999. Depuis, la Hesse rh\u00e9nane n’est plus une unit\u00e9 administrative. L’appellation de la r\u00e9gion est toutefois rest\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

De tout temps, des conditions climatiques favorables et le Rhin en tant qu’axe de communication ont attir\u00e9 les hommes en Hesse rh\u00e9nane. C’est \u00e0 Carl Zuckmayer que l’on doit la citation selon laquelle la Rh\u00e9nanie est le \u00ab\u00a0moulin des peuples d’Europe\u00a0\u00bb. Ainsi, la Hesse rh\u00e9nane, n\u00e9e en 1816, a connu des temps mouvement\u00e9s bien avant cela. Vous pouvez lire ceci ici.<\/a><\/p>\n

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R\u00e9f\u00e9rences des sources :<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Rettinger, Elmar (2005). L’arrondissement de Mainz-Bingen dans l’histoire. https:\/\/www.regionalgeschichte.net\/fileadmin\/Superportal\/Bibliothek\/RettMainzBingen2005.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

Rick, Josef (1967) : Commune viticole de Harxheim. Dans : Commune de Harxheim (\u00e9d.) : Festschrift. 1200 ans de la commune viticole de Harxheim.<\/p>\n

www.regionalgeschichte.net\/bibliothek\/aufsaetze\/grathoff-geschichte-rheinhessens.html<\/a><\/p>\n

wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rheinhessen, \u00e9tat novembre 2021<\/p>\n

* Lencer, https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Rheinhessen_Relief_Karte.png, https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a7\/Rheinhessen_Relief_Karte.png, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0>;, via Wikimedia Commons<\/p>\n

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Plus de contributions<\/h3>\n

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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tBalade \u00e0 travers l’histoire de Harxheim<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Dorothea Kerzan<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tL’histoire de la Hesse rh\u00e9nane avant 1816<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Birgit Korte<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tHesse rh\u00e9nane<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Birgit Korte<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tLe blason de Harxheim<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Birgit Korte<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tD\u00e9couvertes arch\u00e9ologiques \u00e0 Harxheim<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Birgit Korte<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tRegistre des bourgeoisies de 1837 \u00e0 1887 – Droit de cit\u00e9 au 19e si\u00e8cle<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Bernhard Marschall<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tLes \u00e9migr\u00e9s de Harxheim en 18. et 19\u00e8me si\u00e8cle<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Dorothea Kerzan<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tLe monument aux morts – colonne comm\u00e9morative de la guerre franco-allemande de 1870\/71<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Siegfried Schaefer<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tJohannes W\u00fcrth – pasteur et chroniqueur<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Birgit Korte<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tL’embl\u00e8me de Harxheim<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Tanja Re\u00dfler<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tMaire de la localit\u00e9 depuis 1849<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>HVV Harxheim<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tListe d’adresses de Harxheim de 1906<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Birgit Korte<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tViticulture \u00e0 Harxheim – Vendanges d’autrefois<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Tanja Re\u00dfler<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tCentre \u00e9conomique \u00ab\u00a0Alt Hashem\u00a0\u00bb<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Tanja Re\u00dfler<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tPopulation juive \u00e0 Harxheim<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Siegfried Schaefer<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tFamille Lambinet \u00e0 Harxheim<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Birgit Korte<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tChanson de Harxheim<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Joachim Geiberger<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tLa vie juive \u00e0 Harxheim : Fritz Mayer<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Siegfried Schaefer<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tLa vie juive \u00e0 Harxheim : Judith Mayer<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Siegfried Schaefer<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>
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\r\n\t\t\t\t\tLa vie juive \u00e0 Harxheim : Johanna Mayer<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>Siegfried Schaefer<\/span>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Johanna Mayer est n\u00e9e le 9 juin 1909 \u00e0 Harxheim. Elle a fait sa scolarit\u00e9 \u00e0 Harxheim et \u00e0 Mayence.\u00c9cole primaire de Harxheim, vers 1920, ann\u00e9es scolaires 1910 \u00e0 1913. Herta (1913, 2e rang\u00e9e, 3\u00e8me \u00e0 partir de la droite) et Johanna (1910, 3\u00e8me rang, 3\u00e8me \u00e0 partir de la droite, avec les mains sur […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4323,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[47,151,43,119],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chronique","category-details-de-lhistoire-locale","category-histoire-locale","category-randonnee"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2740","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2740"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2740\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11394,"href":"https:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2740\/revisions\/11394"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4323"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2740"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2740"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doku-harxheim.de\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2740"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}